Mongolia
- System of government
- Last Updated : 2016-09-09
Unitary semi-presidential republic
System of government-References:
- Total population
- Last Updated : 2016-09-09
3,104,203
Total population-References:
- Total area (in square kilo meters)
- Last Updated : 2016-09-09 1,566,000 km2
Total area (in square kilo meters)-References:
- Number of registered voters
- Last Updated : 2016-09-09 1,911,047
Number of registered voters-References:
- Number of registered political parties
- Last Updated : 2016-09-09
24 Political Parties registered
Number of registered political parties-References:
- Number of polling stations
- Last Updated : 2016-09-09
12010 polling stations established for Local Elections 2012
1998 polling stations established for Parliament Election 2016
Number of polling stations-References:
- Average number of voters per polling station
- Last Updated : 2016-05-03
- Voting age
- Last Updated : 2016-08-30 18
Voting age-References:
- Elected Offices
- Last Updated : 2016-05-03
- Election system
- Last Updated : 2016-10-12 List Proportional Representation
Election system-References:
- Terms of office
- Last Updated : 2016-10-12 Mongolia has a unicameral Ulsyn Ikh Khural (State Great Hural) composed of 76 seats with members serving 4-year terms.
Terms of office-References:
- Election
- Last Updated : 2016-09-09 State Great Hural and and Citizen's Representative's Hural of aimag and capital city elections, 2016
Election-References:
- Date
- Last Updated : 2016-09-09 29 June 2016
Date-References:
- Political parties in the elections
- Last Updated : 2016-09-09
12 political parties and 3 coalitions competed in State Great Hural and the Citizen's Representative's Hural elections 2016
Political parties in the elections-References:
- Number of elected candidates
- Last Updated : 2016-09-09 76 candidates elected as members of the Parliament of Mongolia
Number of elected candidates-References:
- Voter turnout
- Last Updated : 2016-09-09 73,58%
Voter turnout-References:
- Number of ballots cast
- Last Updated : 2016-09-09 1,406,123
Number of ballots cast-References:
- Legal framework for elections
- Last Updated : 2016-09-09 Separate legislation- Law on Election adopted in 2016
Legal framework for elections-References:
- Legal provisions
- Last Updated : 2016-11-07 Constitution, Art. 25 (1.16), 66 & 68:
Legal provisions-References:
- Referenda
- Last Updated : 2016-11-07
| Constitution, Art. 25 (1.16), 66 & 68: |
Referenda-References:
- People’s Initiatives
- Last Updated : 2016-11-28
N/A
People’s Initiatives-References:
- Recall Votes
- Last Updated : 2016-11-28 N/A
Recall Votes-References:
- Official name
- Last Updated : 2016-09-09 General Election Commission of Mongolia
Official name -References:
- Mission, Vision, Key Objectives, Functions
- Last Updated : 2016-09-09
The General Election Commission of Mongolia (GECM) is a central election body mandated to hold Mongolian Parliamentary (State Great Hural) election, Presidential election and referendums nationwide.
The GECM provides professional election management and methodological support for the preparation and organization of the elections of Citizens’ Representative’ Hural.
The GECM performs its activity in impartial and independent manner and abides by the principle of rule of law, political neutrality, collective discussion, decision-making, transparency and fairness.
Mission, Vision, Key Objectives, Functions-References:
- Type of EMB(independent, governmental, mixed)
- Last Updated : 2016-08-30 Independent
Type of EMB(independent, governmental, mixed)-References:
- EMB budget source
- Last Updated : 2016-09-09
State budget
EMB budget source-References:
- EMB expenditure audit
- Last Updated : 2016-10-12 The legislature
EMB expenditure audit-References:
- Number of EMB members (commissioners)
- Last Updated : 2016-09-09 9 Commissioners
Number of EMB members (commissioners)-References:
- Term of EMB members (commissioners)
- Last Updated : 2016-09-09 6 years term
Term of EMB members (commissioners)-References:
- Who appoints members (commissioners)?
- Last Updated : 2016-09-09
5 commissioners are appointed by the Parliament
2 commissioners are appointed as suggested by the President of Mongolia
2 commissioners are appointed as suggested by the Supreme Court of Mongolia
Who appoints members (commissioners)?-References:
- Selection of Chairperson and Vice-Chairperson
- Last Updated : 2016-12-13 N/A
Selection of Chairperson and Vice-Chairperson-References:
- Administrative divisions
- Last Updated : 2016-11-25
Mongolia is administratively divided into 21 aimags (provinces) plus the capital city of Ylaanbaatar. Each aimag is divided into sums (countries) (330 sums in all) and each sum is further divided into bas (townships) (1568 bas in all). Ulaanbaatar is unique in that its subunits are called duuregs (districts) (9 buuregs in all), and each duureg is further divided into khoroo (sub-districts), of which there are 152 in all.
Administrative divisions -References:
- Delimitation of constituencies(electoral district)
- Last Updated : 2016-09-09 48 constituencies
Delimitation of constituencies(electoral district) -References:
- Criteria for drawing boundaries
- Last Updated : 2016-08-30 "Equality" of population - Geographic size of district - Other
Criteria for drawing boundaries-References:
- Body responsible for drawing boundaries
- Last Updated : 2016-08-30 Legislature (1st chamber)
Body responsible for drawing boundaries-References:
- Requirements on the right to vote
- Last Updated : 2016-05-03
- Reasons for having the right to vote revoked
- Last Updated : 2016-05-03
- Electoral Eligibility
- Last Updated : 2016-05-03
- Reasons for having the eligibility revoked
- Last Updated : 2016-05-03
- Requirements for party registration
- Last Updated : 2016-11-10 A party registered with the Supreme Court before the date the election data is set and announced shall express its intention to participate in an election in writing to the General Election Commission within at least 50 days before the polling day.
Requirements for party registration-References:
- Candidate nomination
- Last Updated : 2016-11-10 independent candidates can compete in both presidential and legislative elections
Candidate nomination-References:
- Candidate Registration (National Assembly members)
- Last Updated : 2016-11-10
- Requirement
Age
Citizenship
Other
Candidate Registration (National Assembly members) -References:
- Candidate registration deposit
- Last Updated : 2016-05-03
- Amount of fee
- Return of fee
- Uncontested Election
- Last Updated : 2016-12-20 N/A
Uncontested Election -References:
- Preparation of the voters list
- Last Updated : 2016-11-03 Extracted from a population/civil registry
Preparation of the voters list-References:
- Whether the registration is compulsory (or not)
- Last Updated : 2016-11-10 No
Whether the registration is compulsory (or not)-References:
- Who is responsible for the voters list
- Last Updated : 2016-09-09
State Registration Authority
Who is responsible for the voters list -References:
- Voters list preparation procedure
- Last Updated : 2016-05-03
- Inspection and objection procedure
- Last Updated : 2016-05-03
- Definition
- Last Updated : 2016-05-03
- Period
- Last Updated : 2016-05-03
- Methods
- Last Updated : 2016-05-03
- Prohibited forms of campaigning
- Last Updated : 2016-05-03
- Who is not permitted to campaign
- Campaign Finance
- Last Updated : 2016-05-03
- Campaign expense limit
- Income and expenditure of campaign expense
- Report, public inspection, and open of income and expenditure
- Investigation on income and expenditure of campaign expense & actions
- Reimbursement of campaign expense
- Presiding officers
- Last Updated : 2016-05-03
① How many of officers in a polling station
② Roles of each officer
③ How we nominate the officers
- Facilities or items a polling station is equipped with
- Last Updated : 2016-05-03
- Polling station location criteria
- Last Updated : 2016-05-03
- Voting hours
- Last Updated : 2016-05-03
- Voting
- Last Updated : 2016-05-03
① Is compulsory or voluntary?
② How many ballot papers are distributed to each voter?
- Ballot Paper
- Last Updated : 2016-05-03
① Determination of the order of candidates on ballots
② What has to be included in the ballot paper?
③ Ballot paper design or sample ballot paper
④ Valid and invalid ballot paper
- Voting Procedures
- Last Updated : 2016-05-03
- Start ofvoting
- Process of voting
- End of voting
- Marking method
- Last Updated : 2016-05-03
- Special voting (Absentee / Early / Proxy / Assisted / Postal / etc)
- Last Updated : 2016-05-03
① Who are subjected to do
② Voting procedures
- Counting Location
- Last Updated : 2016-08-30 The polling stations
Counting Location-References:
- Counting period
- Last Updated : 2016-05-03
- Vote counting method
- Last Updated : 2016-05-03
- Counting Procedures
- Last Updated : 2016-05-03
- Start of counting
- Process of counting
- End of counting
- When are ballots recounted?
- Last Updated : 2016-11-07
N/A
When are ballots recounted?-References:
- Who is eligible to vote for overseas voting?
- Last Updated : 2016-11-07 Citizens residing outside the country
Who is eligible to vote for overseas voting?-References:
- Overseas voters list preparation
- Last Updated : 2016-05-03
- Where to vote
- Last Updated : 2016-05-03
- Voting procedure for early voting
- Last Updated : 2016-05-03
- Methods used to transport ballot papers
- Last Updated : 2016-05-03
- Counting procedure
- Last Updated : 2016-05-03
- How is the elected candidate chosen in the case of a tie?
- Last Updated : 2016-05-03
- Apportioning of National Assembly seats
- Last Updated : 2016-05-03
- Results Announcement
- Last Updated : 2016-05-03
- Is the announcement of preliminary result required?
- Last Updated : 2016-05-03
- Deadline for announcement of final results
- Last Updated : 2016-05-03
- Reason for holding a by- or re-election
- Last Updated : 2016-05-03
- By-election dates
- Last Updated : 2016-05-03
- Electoral process
- Last Updated : 2016-05-03
- Criteria for allocating free broadcast time
- Last Updated : 2016-11-07 Equal regardless of size of party and previous performance
Criteria for allocating free broadcast time-References:
- Television debates
- Last Updated : 2016-08-30 presidential elections - legislative elections
Television debates-References:
- Blackout period for release of election survey results
- Last Updated : 2016-08-30 6-7 days
Blackout period for release of election survey results-References:
- Electoral dispute resolution body
- Last Updated : 2016-11-07
Judiciary - EMB
Electoral dispute resolution body-References:
- Electoral dispute resolution mechanism
- Last Updated : 2016-11-28
Article 57. Compliant or dispute to be reviewed and resolved by the General Election Commission
57.1.The General Election Commission shall review and resolve the following complaints and disputes:
57.1.1.complaint about registration of or refusal to register a party or coalition;
57.1.2.complaint about or a claim on the unlawfulness of a district committee resolution on the polling results;
57.1.3.complaint about or dispute over registration of or refusal to register acandidate on the grounds set forth in this Law;
57.1.4.complaint about or dispute over removal of party or coalition candidates otherthan those proposed for districts from the party or coalition list;
57.1.5.complaint about a decision made by a district committee that reviewed andresolved the complaint or dispute set forth in Article 56.1 hereof; or
57.1.6.complaint about or dispute over a decision made by the General Election Commission within the bounds of its powers.2
57.2.The General Election Commission shall review and resolve complaints anddisputes specified in Articles 57.1.1-57.1.4 hereof immediately but within three days after it receives them and those stipulated in Articles 57.1.5,57.1.6 hereof immediately but within 14 days after it receives them.
57.3.The General Election Commission shall make determination on the issues setforth in Article 57.1 hereof.
57.4.The General Election Commission shall have a right, if need, to suspend adecision made by an inferior election committee until the complaint or disputespecified in Article 57.1 hereof are resolved.
General Election Commission of Mongolia,
Electoral dispute resolution mechanism-References:
- Alternative electoral dispute resolution mechanism
- Last Updated : 2016-12-13 N/A
Alternative electoral dispute resolution mechanism-References:
- Direct public funding
- Last Updated : 2016-10-28
regularly provided
Direct public funding-References:
- Private funding of political parties
- Last Updated : 2016-11-10
A party or coalition’s election expenses shall be covered by the party or coalition and election
candidate respectively and independent shall bear his/her own election expenses.
within the bounds of the maximum amount of expenses for elections set forth in Article 37.1 hereof
candidate respectively and independent shall bear his/her own election expenses.?
Private funding of political parties-References:
| Electoral Law of 15 December 2011, Art. 37 (2), 38, 39: http://anfrel.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/20120130_New-Parliamentary-Election-Law_Eng-changed-20120201.pdf (2012) |
- Regulation, monitoring and investigation
- Last Updated : 2016-10-28 Sanctions include Fines, Forfeiture, Loss of elected office, etc.
Regulation, monitoring and investigation-References:
- Regulation, monitoring and investigation bodies
- Last Updated : 2016-10-28 The EMB can request the State Audit Office to review reports
Regulation, monitoring and investigation bodies-References:
- Which electoral processes are using ICTs?
- Last Updated : 2016-11-03
Results are transmitted using cellular networks by utilizing special modem connected to Central server at the General Election Commission of Mongolia.
Evoting: Optical Mark Recognition (OMR) or Optical Character Recognition (OCR), and SMS voting system
Which electoral processes are using ICTs? -References:
- When it was introduced
- Last Updated : 2016-12-13
N/A
When it was introduced-References:
- Gender equality
- Last Updated : 2016-11-28 Female Population: 1,525,439 (July 2015 est.)
· Is Mongolia a signatory to CEDAW: Yes (17 July 1980)
· Has Mongolia ratified CEDAW: Yes (20 July 1981)
· Gender Quota: Yes
· Female candidates in this election: Yes
· Number of Female Parliamentarians: 11 (14.47%)
· Human Development Index Position: 90 (2014)
· Social Institutions and Gender Index (SIGI) Categorization: Very Low (2014)
Gender equality-References:
- Aids for disabled or handicapped voters
- Last Updated : 2016-11-28 Is Mongolia a signatory to CRPD: N/A
· Has Mongolia ratified CRPD: Yes (13 May 2009)
· Population with a disability: 448,936
Aids for disabled or handicapped voters -References:
- Voter education
- Last Updated : 2016-08-30 Election time only
Voter education-References:
- National civic education
- Last Updated : 2016-12-13 N/A
National civic education-References:
- EMB Staff education
- Last Updated : 2016-12-13 N/A
EMB Staff education-References:
- Domestic observation
- Last Updated : 2016-05-03
- International observation
- Last Updated : 2016-11-28 On 21 January, the parliament (State Ikh Khural) scheduled general elections for 29 June. Following an invitation from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Mongolia and based on the recommendations of a Needs Assessment Mission, conducted from 5 to 8 April 2016, the OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (OSCE/ODIHR) established an Election Observation Mission (EOM) on 20 May.1 The OSCE/ODIHR EOM, headed by Ambassador Audrey Glover, consists of a 15-member Core Team based in Ulaanbaatar and 14 long-term observers (LTOs) deployed throughout the country on 27 May. Mission members are drawn from 21 OSCE participating States. Participating States have been requested to second 300 short-term observers to observe election day procedures. The parliamentary elections have been scheduled on the same day as elections for the Citizens Representative Khurals of the capital city and aimags (provinces). The OSCE/ODIHR EOM will comment on those only to the extent that they impact on the conduct of the parliamentary elections.
International observation-References:
- Partnerships/MoUs
- Last Updated : 2016-05-03
- International Activities
- Last Updated : 2016-11-28 As Chair of the Council of Member States of International IDEA in 2016, Mongolia organized the Annual Democracy Forum in collaboration with International IDEA and with the Non Aligned Movement Centre for South-South Technical Cooperation (NAM CSSTC). The Forum was held in Ulaanbaatar on 25-26 August 2016.
International Activities-References:
- Major challenges to elections
- Last Updated : 2016-05-03
- Measures taken to deal with those Challenges
- Last Updated : 2016-05-03